In 30 seconds
- One driver types; everyone else navigates.
- Roles rotate every few minutes.
- Knowledge spreads fast and handoffs disappear.
How it works
The team gathers around one screen. The driver types only what the navigators decide; the driver role rotates every few minutes. Woody Zuill and his team at Hunter Industries popularized the practice in the early 2010s. It's also called ensemble programming.
Benefits
- No waiting on handoffs or reviews
- Knowledge spreads across the whole team
- Hard problems get many minds at once
- Fewer defects reach review or testing
When to use it
- Complex or high-risk changes
- Onboarding new team members
- Learning a new technology together
Many teams mob part-time and pair or work solo otherwise.
Myth vs reality
Myth · Mobbing wastes people's time.
Reality · It removes waiting and rework, which often balances out.
Myth · The loudest person runs the mob.
Reality · Rotation and facilitation keep it balanced.
Myth · Mobbing only works in person.
Reality · Remote mobs with screen sharing work well.
The AI angle
Mobbing pairs well with AI: the group can direct an AI assistant together, discuss its suggestions, and catch mistakes faster than one person would.
FAQ
How big should a mob be?
Often three to six people.
How often should roles rotate?
Commonly every few minutes, using a timer.
Do we mob all day?
Teams vary; take regular breaks.