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Practices & Events

Poka-Yoke

Designing processes and tools so mistakes are impossible, or caught immediately, instead of relying on care.

2 min read · Practitioner

In 30 seconds

  • Japanese for "mistake-proofing".
  • Prevent errors by design, or detect them at once.
  • In software: type checks, validation, CI gates, safe defaults.

Origins

Shigeo Shingo developed poka-yoke within the Toyota Production System. Classic examples: plugs that only fit one way, or machines that won't start unless a part is positioned correctly.

Software examples

  • Strong types that make invalid states impossible
  • Form validation that blocks bad input early
  • CI pipelines that refuse to merge failing tests
  • Confirmation on destructive actions; safe defaults
  • Checklists in the Definition of Done

Where you need it

Look at repeated defects or incidents. If the same mistake happens twice, the fix is a design change, not a reminder to be careful. That's the core of poka-yoke.

Myth vs reality

Myth · Poka-yoke means blaming careless people.
Reality · It assumes people make mistakes and designs around it.
Myth · It's expensive.
Reality · Many fixes are small, like a validation rule.
Myth · Tests cover everything.
Reality · Tests detect; poka-yoke also prevents.

FAQ

What are the two types of poka-yoke?

Prevention, which makes errors impossible, and detection, which catches them immediately.

How does it relate to andon?

Poka-yoke catches the problem; andon signals it.

Where should a software team start?

With the most frequent cause of escaped defects.